Tus telomerase activator-cycloastraganol uas nrhiav tau tam sim no yog dab tsi?

Xyoo 1985, Greider et al. thawj zaug tshawb pom telomerase, thiab cov enzyme tshiab no tuaj yeem ntxiv DNA rov ua dua rau qhov kawg ntawm chromosomes kom tswj tau qhov ntev ntawm telomere. Telomerase yog ib qho ribonucleoprotein complex uas nws cov catalytic core suav nrog TERT thiab TERC, uas TERT yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev tswj hwm telomerase kev ua ub no. Qhov ntev ntawm telomere txuas ntxiv mus luv dua thaum cov hlwb faib. Thaum nws mus txog qhov tseem ceeb, nws ua rau cov cim qhia txog kev puas tsuaj DNA, ua rau lub voj voog luv dua thiab cov kab mob tsis ua haujlwm ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg uas muaj telomeres luv.

Xyoo 2010, lub tuam txhab Asmeskas Geron tau koom tes nrog Hong Kong University of Science and Technology rau ib qhov project tshawb fawb los tshuaj xyuas cov telomerase activators. Nws tau pom tiascycloastraganol tshuajtuaj yeem ua kom telomerase ua haujlwm thiab ua rau telomere ntev. Qhov kev tshawb pom no tau txhawb nqa kev tsim cov telomerase activators. Kev tshawb fawb kev nce qib thiab kev tsim khoom cuam tshuam ntawm astragalus cawv. Cycloastragenol (CAG) tam sim no yog tib qho telomerase activator tau tshaj tawm ntawm cov khoom ntuj. Nws tuaj yeem tiv thaiv telomere luv luv thiab muaj kev tiv thaiv kev laus, tiv thaiv apoptosis, tiv thaiv fibrosis, tswj kev tiv thaiv kab mob, txhawb kev loj hlob ntawm cell thiab kho qhov txhab, thiab lwm yam. Cov teebmeem pharmacological, yog li muaj peev xwm kho cov kab mob cuam tshuam nrog telomere dysfunction.

Cycloastragenol thiab kev laus

cov telomeres
Telomeres yog cov qauv tshwj xeeb nyob rau ntawm qhov kawg ntawm cov chromosomes uas tiv thaiv cov chromosomes thiab luv dua nrog rau kev rov ua dua ntawm chromosome thiab kev faib cell. Cov cell kuj laus zuj zus thaum telomeres luv dua.

telomerase
Telomerase tuaj yeem ua cov telomeres los tswj qhov ntev thiab cov qauv ntawm telomeres, yog li tiv thaiv cov chromosomes thiab ncua kev laus ntawm tes.

Tiv Thaiv Kev Laus: Ib qho telomerase activator, uas ua si ib qho kev tiv thaiv kev laus los ntawm kev nce telomerase thiab yog li ncua qhov luv ntawm telomeres.

Telomeres yog cov hau uas nyob rau ntawm qhov kawg ntawm cov chromosomes cell uas tiv thaiv lawv ntawm kev puas tsuaj thaum lub sijhawm faib cell. Thaum cov cell txuas ntxiv faib, telomeres txuas ntxiv luv dua, mus txog qhov tseem ceeb uas cov cell yuav laus lossis tuag. Telomerase tuaj yeem ntev qhov ntev ntawm telomeres, thiab lub neej ntawm cov cell yuav nce ntxiv raws li.

Kev laus yog ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm lub neej; txawm li cas los xij, cov kws tshawb fawb tab tom kawm txog ntau yam kev kho mob kom sim zam qee qhov teebmeem ntawm kev laus, suav nrog kev kawm txog senolytics. Senolytics yog cov tshuaj uas tshem tawm cov hlwb laus (laus) thiab tau pom tias txo cov teebmeem ntawm kev laus. Ib txoj kev tshawb fawb tshiab qhia tias cycloastraganol muaj cov teebmeem tiv thaiv kev laus.

Txoj kev tshawb fawb no, los ntawm Tuam Tshoj thiab luam tawm hauv International Journal of Molecular Sciences, tsom mus rau cov hlwb tib neeg laus thiab nas uas muaj kev laus los ntawm kev siv hluav taws xob. Cycloastragenol txo cov hlwb laus yam tsis cuam tshuam rau cov hlwb uas tsis laus. Kev kho mob Cycloastragenol kuj txo cov protein hauv cov hlwb laus uas xav tau rau kev loj hlob thiab kev ciaj sia ntawm cov hlwb. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws tiv thaiv kev txav ntawm cov hlwb uas cuam tshuam nrog cov hlwb thiab cov txheej txheem o uas cuam tshuam nrog hnub nyoog. Cov nas laus uas kho nrog cycloastraganol tau pom tias muaj cov hlwb laus tsawg dua thiab txhim kho kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub cev uas cuam tshuam nrog hnub nyoog.

Cycloastragenol txo cov hlwb laus

Kev laus yog ib qho cim qhia txog kev laus, tab sis cov kws tshawb fawb tau pom tias kev tshem tawm cov hlwb laus thiab lawv cov tshuaj pro-inflammatory signaling tuaj yeem pab tiv thaiv cov kab mob ntsig txog hnub nyoog thiab txawm tias thim rov qab lawv hauv qee kis. Ntawm no, cov kws tshawb fawb tau kho cov hlwb tib neeg nrog cycloastraganol thiab pom tias nws tau tshem tawm cov hlwb laus yam tsis cuam tshuam rau cov hlwb tsis laus. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov cim cellular ntawm cov hlwb laus tau txo qis tom qab kev kho mob cycloastraganol.

Cov kev tshawb fawb yav dhau los tau qhia tias txoj kev PI3K/AKT/mTOR—ib txoj kev qhia txog kev loj hlob thiab kev ciaj sia ntawm cov hlwb—muaj feem cuam tshuam rau cov txheej txheem o uas pib los ntawm cov hlwb laus, pab txhawb kev laus hauv cov hlwb nyob ib puag ncig. Cov kws tshawb fawb pom tias cycloastragenol tau pab txo cov protein hauv txoj kev no, qhia tias cov tshuaj no yuav ua haujlwm los ntawm kev thaiv txoj kev PI3K/AKT/mTOR los pab tiv thaiv kev laus. Ntxiv mus, cycloastragenol tau pom tias txo qhov muaj peev xwm ntawm cov hlwb laus los txhawb kev laus los ntawm kev tso tawm cov tshuaj o, cov yam tseem ceeb ntawm kev loj hlob, thiab cov tshuaj immunomodulators, sib xws nrog cov lus qhia tias kev txo cov PI3K, AKT, thiab mTOR signaling tuaj yeem txo cov teebmeem txhawb kev laus ntawm cov hlwb nyob ib puag ncig.

Cycloastragenol yog ib feem ntawm triterpene saponins thiab feem ntau yog tau los ntawm hydrolysis ntawm astragaloside IV. Nws muaj qhov hnyav molecular me me thiab muaj zog lipophilicity, uas yog qhov zoo rau biofilm nkag mus thiab gastrointestinal nqus kom ua tiav bioavailability zoo dua. Qhov ua tau zoo ntawm cycloastragalinol
1. Kev kho mob ntawm kev puas tsuaj rau lub hlwb
2. Txhim kho cov kab mob siab fibrosis
3. Kev kho mob pob txha tawg
4. Cov nyhuv tiv thaiv kev laus
5. Ncua kev laus ntawm cov hlwb

Vim li cas nws thiaj li tsim nyog los tsim cov cycloastraganol?

① Cycloastraganol muaj ntau yam teebmeem pharmacological xws li inhibiting lub hlwb cell apoptosis thiab neuroinflammation thaum lub hlwb ischemia thiab tswj cov ntshav-lub hlwb barrier.
② Cycloastragenol yog tib lub tshuaj me me terpenoid compound nrog telomerase kev ua ub no nrhiav tau txog tam sim no thiab tuaj yeem kho cov kab mob neurodegenerative.
③ Nws muaj cov teebmeem ntawm kev tiv thaiv myocardial fibrosis thiab txhim kho kev tiv thaiv kab mob qog. Nws yog ib qho molecule nrov hauv kev tshawb fawb thiab kev tsim cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev laus.

Cov teeb meem uas twb muaj lawm

Cov ntsiab lus ntawm cycloastraganol hauv Astragalus membranaceus yog qis heev thiab nws nyuaj rau tau txais nws ncaj qha. Lub tswv yim tsim cycloastraganol uas twb muaj lawm vam khom kev rho tawm tshuaj suav tshuaj, uas feem ntau tau txais los ntawm kev hloov pauv astragaloside IV hauv Astragalus membranaceus. Ntawd yog, astragaloside IV tau txais los ntawm kev cog astragalus thiab cov ntaub so ntswg kab lis kev cai, thiab tom qab ntawd astragaloside IV hloov pauv mus rau hauv cycloastragaloside siv acidolysis, Smith degradation, enzyme thiab microbial hydrolysis. Txawm li cas los xij, cov txheej txheem npaj no kim heev, yooj yim ua rau muaj kuab paug rau ib puag ncig, nyuaj rau cais thiab ntxuav, thiab tsis zoo rau kev siv thiab kev txhawb nqa. Yog li ntawd, tib neeg tau tig lawv lub siab mus rau kev tsim cov khoom cuav ntawm cycloastraganol.

Yuav siv cov khoom siv biology los ua ke li cas? --- Synthetic Biology

Kev kawm txog tsiaj txhu thiab nroj tsuag (Synthetic Biology) yog hais txog kev tsim qauv, kev hloov pauv, thiab kev tsim "lub neej cuav" uas muaj cov haujlwm tsis zoo li ntuj tsim nyob rau hauv kev coj ntawm cov tswv yim engineering, uas yog, kev engineering ntawm biology. Feem ntau, nws yog tsim los ntawm kev siv cov txheej txheem biological.